NASA is tackling the challenge of providing nutritious food for astronauts on long-term missions to the Moon and Mars by exploring the cultivation of crops aboard the International Space Station (ISS). Under the guidance of expert Gioia Massa, scientists are conducting experiments to determine the effects of environmental factors such as light, humidity, and moisture levels on plant growth in microgravity. Notable studies, including Plant Habitat-07, focus on optimizing water levels for better flavor and quality of crops like lettuce, peppers, and tomatoes. As NASA continues its research, the aim is to develop sustainable food sources that enhance astronaut morale and nutrition, potentially influencing agricultural practices in extreme environments on Earth. Despite the high costs and technological challenges of space agriculture, the insights gained have promising implications for both future space exploration and food security on our home planet.